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Separate morphemes or allomorphs? Morphological status of the Russian prefixes o- and ob- in the light of the new data: Corpus and experiment
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Separate morphemes or allomorphs? Morphological status of the Russian prefixes o- and ob- in the light of the new data: Corpus and experiment
Annotation
PII
S0373-658X0000392-4-1
DOI
10.31857/SX0000392-4-1
Publication type
Article
Status
Published
Authors
Anna Endresen 
Edition
Issue 6
Pages
33-69
Abstract
This article examines an interesting phenomenon in Russian morphology: the behavior of the pre- fixes o - and ob -. Do these prefixes constitute two distinct morphemes or are they allomorphs of a single morpheme? Previous discussion in scholarly works has been limited to lexical data provided in dictionaries. A number of controversial uses of these prefixes were discovered and led to the hypothesis that the original single morpheme has split into two distinct morphemes. This article summarizes the results of two empirical tests of this hypothesis: first, against a comprehensive dataset extracted from the Russian national corpus; secondly, via a psycholinguistic experiment. The results of both studies do not fully match the predictions of the split hypothesis. I offer a detailed analysis of the radial network of submeanings expressed by the two prefixes, an independent account for the subject responses to experimental stimuli, as well as statistically robust analyses of both studies. On this basis I propose an alternative hypothesis of a single morpheme with non-standard allomorphy and argue for a unified account of o - and ob -. The study of this particular problem of Russian morphology encourages us to reevaluate the traditional understanding of allomorphy coined in absolute terms and to revisit a number of forgotten ideas of American structuralists about the inadequacy of the binary (+/-) representation of linguistic units.
Keywords
allomorphy, corpus linguistics, morphology, preverbs, prefixes, Russian, experiment
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